Chicago's loss of about 200,000 people (as noted in the article) in the 2010 census is almost entirely accounted for by African American outmigration from the South and West Sides (-181,000). A closer look at the numbers show that the remaining population drop was likely do natural death (not out-migration) in older white-ethnic communities on the Northwest Side (Polish, etc.). Net migration of the professional, (mostly-white) middle and upper class has been positive for some time. Chicago also continues to gain Latino, Asian and African immigrants. These are the same demographic trends affecting New York City, which also lost a large number of Black Americans but gained more from other immigrant groups. I also suspect that the foreclosure crisis had an out-lier affect on the 2010 census by quickly displacing a large number of relatively poor (and in the city mostly minority) homeowners during the counting process. This may have been especially detrimental to Chicago's numbers as it has a greater percentage of single-family homes than comparable cities like Boston, NYC and Philadelphia.
In any case, the large-scale out-migration of Black Chicagoans has a great deal to do with the city's legacy of segregation and the decline of blue-collar employment (as well as a host of other issues that encouraged 'white-flight' beginning in the 1950's). Indeed, it is a complicated and tragic story that surely deserves its own post in the near future.
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